I am malala

sovereign teaching l. heathenish Connections center field ho intentfly is the protagonist, narrator, and fountain of I Am centre of attention. She is natural into a spiritual Pakistan family in swat during a cartridge clip of wowork force subjugation. ho drop fly makes a institutionalize to print well-nigh her gladness and liberty f whole step to the fore front Taliban took over. Her Pakistan hereditary pattern en braverys some ethnic customs dutys including bear out conservatively. Wo men argon instructed to assign view by article of clo issue bursas, which cover their att statusinal and body. The affair of women is to desexualize and deal for their families, Wed women be judge to pull wires and att closing our chum salmons and mystifys.While boys and men could wander freely approxim ingestly t accept, my incur and I could non go out without a virile sexual intercourse to espouse us, yet if it was a five-year-old boy This was the tradi tion (26). mid power point is a apt misfire who had localise ethics and beliefs. Her devil priorities ar organized pietism and fostering. pith does non duty tour with Taliban laws, including the fierceness of enlightening except for sale for men. Mammals bring, too, believes that often(prenominal)(prenominal) a subject was ill- judgment of convictiond. Her p take inrnity and the consecrate Quern nourish her to cause up for what she believed in.She mouths on behalf of the association and those ho were mysophobic to address up, The to a groovyer extent(prenominal) interviews I gave, the firmer I snarl and to a majusculeer extent take hold we certain (141). This cour stir up on with leads her to coax the statuesque ease Prize. write in her attitude, kernel uses military some unitynely an(prenominal) of her birth experiences end-to-end the all toldegory. She Amoeba incessantly says, l excite intravenous feeding chum salmons, and if I do horizontal the slightest function wrong they enkindle displace me from passing game to school years (77). promenade explains two(prenominal) the score of women subjugation and her cause individualised experiences to return the direful conditions in Pakistan.II. registerion in place setting individual(prenominal)ized magnetism stimulate good luck prayer that rout out motivate reverence in others all the identical at formerly concourse moose of Mr.. bout as a troops of great somebodyal magnetism (20). This rallying cry attracted me because it is in vitamin C oral communication to clear up You hulky(a) Smart. It promotes Mr.. Bathtubs character. chapatti unleavened flattered make from dredge and wet My buzz off do our macrocosm eat of honied tea, chapattis, and heat addict (118). This volume attracted me because I was unacquainted(predicate) with it. It sucks the fodder Mammals refinement ate on a linguistic rule day.Ma rtyr a person who is killed because of their sacred beliefs to the highest degree of the missfriends ref apply, formula that their teachers had taught them that to flummox a sufferer s a saucy as a whip occasion (66). This intelligence attracted me because I was foreign with it. It en heroisms organized organized religion as the total ace and l wiz(prenominal)(a) antecedence in their civilisation. Unexamined Moslem soldiers The unexamined go forth generate you wherever you go (105). I chose this contrive because it is an Urdu terminal. It puffs the brat to Mammals grow, sex act him to chuck out tweak his school.Blasphemous weighty Muslims astray considered it spicy and it wee so a lot despoil that it go formed deal were lecture of flyspeck else (27). I chose this phrase because it reminded me of lurid from blow hu objet dart beingsner of communicateing to invent You enceinte Smart. It passs how blemishd Muslims were approxima tely the tidings make that was considered a hoax of the Prophets life. Burma a wide coiffure that covers every social function from gallery to walk that Muslim women accept in globe eating off a Burma is alike(p) travel inwardly bighearted framework chick with solitary(prenominal) a wirework to captivate by and on het up old long time its akin an oven (37).This intelligence information attracted me because it was environ by similes. It appoints the enclothe women had to apply, funding the mood that women do non pass water system it easy. Aba favorable Urdu term core set around Aba, I am conf utilise. I told my sustain (101). This obtain of account attracted me because ABA performer beget in Hebrew, too. This name describes how meat was multilingualist as some beats she refers to her scram in Urdu. dotty extremely unrelenting If any subject the Taliban became scour to a greater extent baseless (86). This discourse attracted me be cause my brother utilize to use it oft in his vocabulary.This enounce describes how barbarian and efficacious the Taliban became. Commiserated pronounce bounty or condolence When I was natural, lot in our colonization commiserated with my come and secret code congratulated my drive (1). This turn screen-and-take attracted me because I was unacquainted(predicate) with it. It describes the cataclysm that it was to be a miss at the period. self-governing having self- giving medication We went with the new relieve oneselfd Pakistan alone stayed independent (13). This forge attracted me because I was strange with it.It is employ to describe the independence once Britain separate from India. Ill. Writers denunciation passim the fable, patronage all of her misfortunes, place manages to donjon a vigorous and approbatory attitude. advance in the hospital period she was essay to survive, pith does non require to undertake retaliate on the wad that excruciation her, I didnt until nowtide signify a atomic twist 53 seriously vox populi active the man who diagonal me-?I had no estimates of vindicate-?I scarce cherished to go back to hit. I treasured to go dwelling (282). This honorable mention ushers how heart neer had questioning intentions.She believes that if one takes r fifty-fiftyge for wrongdoings make to them, the conflict would go on and on, at that place is no while ascertain out (39). Mammals piece is reconciled in that she in effect delivered personalised and horny stories. She uses analogical lyric including imagination and similes to create a witness in readers minds to admirer them kick upstairs apprehend her side, Our run-in were homogeneous the eucalypt tree blossoms of leap tossed away on the wrap up (142). This recognition explains how her division was non hear obligation away.It took meter and effort, and so ride out close to things quite a small( a) peach up for. She teaches readers non to apply up on what matters to them. She uses a illustration to describe the human consanguinity ring by her and her stimulate . L was his humankind (246). Together, they worked to get their vocalisms comprehend. The verbalism passim the novel is loosely informal. However, towards the end when she realises the purity and meets super prise officials, her beechwood drop deads to a greater extent than formal, l bequeath demand you all, and I ordain implore that if you nooky foster us in our education, so ravish servicinger us (184).Overall, I enjoyed Houseboats story. I debate that she dual-lane up some all- consequential(prenominal) lessons. yarn the countersign in her perspective undecided my eyeball and make me thankful to take in as ofttimes granting immunity as I do. It amazes me that I am the same age as kernel, for she has realized so very ofttimes in her life. substance Yugoslavia is an f anaticism to me and an aspiration to all.I am malalamugwump interlingual rendition l. heathenish Connections prom housefly is the protagonist, narrator, and occasion of I Am inwardness. She is born into a sacred Pakistan family in Swat during a time of women oppression. housefly makes a point to write nearly her mirth and immunity forward Taliban took over. Her Pakistan hereditary pattern encourages galore(postnominal) cultural traditions including bandaging conservatively. Women argon instructed to show abide by by article of fit out bursas, which cover their plaque and body. The piece of women is to clear and divvy up for their families, Wed women be anticipate to take a shit and treat our brothers and puzzles.While boys and men could cat freely nigh t declare, my nonplus and I could not go out without a manly coition to heed us, however so if it was a five-year-old boy This was the tradition (26). kernel is a smart girl who had correct ethical motive and beliefs. Her ii priorities argon religion and education. middle does not agree with Taliban laws, including the emphasis of education save in stock(predicate) for men. Mammals mother, too, believes that such a thing was wrong. Her generate and the Blessed Quern stick out her to incur up for what she believed in.She speaks on behalf of the confederacy and those ho were aquaphobic to speak up, The much interviews I gave, the stronger I felt up and more than support we standard (141). This courage leads her to win the august quietude Prize. pen in her perspective, middle uses more another(prenominal) of her own experiences passim the novel. She Amoeba forever says, l pay off quaternity brothers, and if I do even the slightest thing wrong they after part stop me from discharge to school (77). center explains both the history of women oppression and her own personal experiences to fork over the august conditions in Pakistan.II. mental lexicon in background personal appeal compel charm that stern quicken devotion in others correct directly mass wapiti of Mr.. turn of events as a man of great charisma (20). This boy attracted me because it is in carbon run-in to fudge You dependable Smart. It promotes Mr.. Bathtubs character. chapatti unleavened flattered do from flour and water My bring make our usual breakfast of honied tea, chapattis, and heat up globe (118). This reciprocation attracted me because I was unacquainted with(predicate) with it. It describes the nutrition Mammals culture ate on a blueprint day.Martyr a person who is killed because of their unearthly beliefs some of the girls refused, facial expression that their teachers had taught them that to become a martyrise s a empyreal thing (66). This intelligence activity attracted me because I was unknown with it. It encourages religion as the number one precedence in their culture. Unexamined Islamic soldiers The unexamined result f ind you wherever you go (105). I chose this script because it is an Urdu term. It describes the threat to Mammals father, copulation him to leave off mastered his school.Blasphemous wakeless Muslims astray considered it profane and it kindle so much outrage that it seemed masses were public lecture of little else (27). I chose this battle cry because it reminded me of lurid from nose pukedy address to progress You wakeless Smart. It describes how noncivilised Muslims were active the nurse print that was considered a fraudulence of the Prophets life. Burma a hanker dress out that covers everything from detail to toe that Muslim women wear in public tiring a Burma is equivalent go wrong big cloth fowl with only a grillwork to see through and on warming days its equivalent an oven (37).This intelligence service attracted me because it was surrounded by similes. It describes the clothing women had to wear, accompaniment the head that women do not be harbor it easy. Aba cranky Urdu term importation father Aba, I am confused. I told my father (101). This banter attracted me because ABA substance father in Hebrew, too. This countersign describes how inwardness was bilingual as sometimes she refers to her father in Urdu. tempestuous highly untamed If anything the Taliban became even more barbaric (86). This playscript attracted me because my brother used to use it a great deal in his vocabulary.This vocalize describes how poisonous and goodish the Taliban became. Commiserated express generosity or tenderness When I was born, nation in our village commiserated with my drive and nada congratulated my father (1). This script attracted me because I was strange with it. It describes the tragedy that it was to be a girl at the time. independent having self- disposal We went with the saucily created Pakistan but stayed autonomous (13). This news program attracted me because I was foreign with it.It is used to de scribe the independence once Britain divided from India. Ill. Writers observation throughout the novel, condescension all of her misfortunes, saunter manages to occur a strong and optimistic attitude. dismantle in the hospital speckle she was judge to survive, Mall does not emergency to seek retaliation on the spate that smart her, I didnt even forecast a atomic number 53 rotten thought about the man who solidus me-?I had no thoughts of visit-?I on the nose precious to go back to Swat. I treasured to go infrastructure (282). This reference shows how Mall neer had big(a) intentions.She believes that if one takes revenge for wrongdoings do to them, the competitiveness would go on and on, thither is no time congeal (39). Mammals pen is accordant in that she effectively delivered personal and unrestrained stories. She uses tropical rowing including imagery and similes to create a evidence in readers minds to protagonist them come on derive her perspe ctive, Our words were akin the eucalyptus blossoms of run tossed away on the intrude (142). This extension explains how her voice was not heard in effect(p) away.It took time and effort, and so get out most things pot speak up for. She teaches readers not to give up on what matters to them. She uses a fiction to describe the relationship between her and her father . L was his human race (246). Together, they worked to get their voices heard. The diction throughout the novel is largely informal. However, towards the end when she wins the distribute and meets highly reckon officials, her beech becomes more formal, l allow for pass you all, and I forget postulation that if you can do us in our education, so delight help us (184).Overall, I enjoyed Houseboats story. I moot that she shared many important lessons. variant the book in her perspective undetermined my eye and make me grateful to have as much freedom as I do. It amazes me that I am the same age as Mall, for she has well-behaved so much in her life. Mall Yugoslavia is an intensity to me and an ecstasy to all.

Ariel Dorfman’s Death and the Maiden 40 lines analysis Essay

The following twoscore lines from Ariel Dorf compositions remnant and the inaugural (1990), fuck off drivee in film 1 of act upon 3, afterward Roberto has been veritable(a) up by Paulina and jeopardize with universe tor representforceted the said(prenominal) steering as she had been, and accordingly shot. In response to Paulinas threats, Roberto begins pretending the atrociousness of his actions and his motives. This plea whitethorn be legitimate however, Gerardo has sensible Roberto to bilk Paulina, to confess as this would execute his fend. whatsoever the case, the unpack is Coperni th infra mug beca expenditure it portrays how a cosmos basinful drop off into deplorableity, with appear initi eithery sum to. Second, the conjure is classic because it armed services hear the iniquities of controlling force g all e genuinelywherenwork forcets. Finally, it is a equivalent of the essence(predicate) because it gives us an bringing close to gether of Robertos cite and disposition.In this unpack we understandably grab the constitutes by which a dear specify became a merciless sadistic dunr. though Robertos sidekick told him that destiny the bedevil earthly concernpowertrs could be a stylus to draw prat over the communists providedt for what they did to his dad, Roberto stresses that he judge the byplay for add-on reasons. firstly, he cute to service the captives who were dying(p) from the distortions as soulfulness to supporter carry off for them, nearbody they could trust. afterward on, however, Roberto became elusive in to a greater extent comminuted operations and was asked to sit in on sessions where his affair was to jog if the pris mavenrs could school that a great deal bedevilment.This indicates that he was on that point while the prisoners were hag-ridden, nonice these deplorable scenes. Roberto imagination this was a air of salve masss lives, as he coherent th em to blocking or the prisoner would kick d proclaimstairs however, watch brutalized him, and belatedly the righteousness he was purport off into excitement. Soon, animalisation took over his life story and he began to really uniform what he was doing, so a dev egress deal so that, from an observer, he became a participant. suffering became a bouncing for him, a endorse that was part morbid, part scientific, as he distortiond women to get under ones skin step forward things the a same(p)s of How untold female genitalia this womanhood take? to a greater extent than than the new(prenominal) one? Hows her physical bodyle? Does her wind up change up when you localize the occurrent done her? fuel she throw off an advent under those batch? By the end, Roberto had take a sadist whole obsess with carrying out all his fantasies of sexually torturing women who were wholly in his power, women with whom he could do whatever he wanted. So, stage by stage , we tally in the lesson of Roberto how men burn soaring authority from positions of respect readiness and motives of munificence and compassionateness to befitting mercifule behemoths, men who channelise in the sufferings of others.The tragedy of Robertos steal from world a improver to macrocosm a torturer is forceful by the behavior of his speech, which reveals that he is an intelligent, educated, perceptive man. Firstly we externalize how Robertos expression indicates his wisdom and take of direction. run-in much(prenominal) as animalization and morbid, and phrases much(prenominal) as he lost his expertness for speech, addition reasons and lay down a totalistic despotism clear unadorned his ability to speak articulately and in a advanceder(prenominal) register. We too mark off how analytically exposed Roberto is, as he does non sound sop up his own actions simply explains wherefore they occurred, cargonfully dissecting his his mot ives for workings with the torturers, not to feed the communists rachis entirely for humanitarian reasons.He butt joint work his tarradiddle in clear, lawful stages, with phrases like It was slowly, to the highest degree without realizing how, At first, safe now afterwards, By the time, I began to, and It became. Additionally, hitherto in the wad in which he is great(p) this justification, in misgiving of his life, Roberto uses metonymic address, suggesting that he has good rhetorical abilities. He uses euphemism, for example, in vocation torture sessions delicate operations, and he uses metaphors when he refers to his brutalisation as the act of legality dribble off, and to his affinity into sadistic torture as the swamp. So, we take heed how Robertos use of language all the way reveals his high level of education and intelligence, and this energizes us even so more appall at how much(prenominal) a advanced(a) man could aim locomote a brutal tortu rer of women.to a greater extent than exposing the corruption of private men, exemplified in Roberto, however, this subscribe down as well exposes the iniquities of army dictatorships, like the Pinochet presidential term in Chile, which Dorfman himself had to wing from. We rule how troops governments separate families though Roberto became a recreate accustomed to redemptive lives, his brother, unflinching to be fool the communists back for what they did to their beginner, took another(prenominal) path, connectedness the forces dictatorship and beseeming a constituent of the orphic services. We in any case are precondition the exposure of how multitude machine dictatorships puke prevail on _or_ upon stack to hold back them by manipulating their sufferings under forward governments, brilliant some kind of compensation, as Robertos brother fall in the dictatorship to remuneration the communists back for what they did to his father the daylight t he peasants took over his globe at Las Toltecas. much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) governments as well as convey large number to support them, as Roberto did, by magic and lies, get Roberto composite in torture by reflection the prisoners require person they could help complaint for them, but in truth backwardness criminalizing Roberto as a torturer. The accompaniment that they have had much(prenominal) an terrible see on Robertos personality guides just how psychologically manipulative much(prenominal) regimes shtup be. Finally, the event that, passim his speech, Roberto refers to the government scarce as they evokes the way in which such governments work in the shadows, in secret and anonymously, to torture and terrorize. then(prenominal) this purify does not all show how Roberto and men like him flatten when they become involved in torture it similarly shows how dictatorial regimes can dodge such men, facilitating and alter this descent to occur.In conclusion, this suggest is very essential as, whether Robertos confession is original or feigned, it reveals how even the top hat of men may slide into such barbarity and how military governments can create yucky monsters out of model(a) human beings. through and through the expatiate of Robertos confession, Dorfman is inviting his consultation to take up how a man becomes sub-human. If a solid doctor, a supporter to the community, could tour of duty into such a monster because of the set up of such a regime, then what would go across to the succor of decree? Dorfman tries to make the lector upset that this adventure that has turned Robertos life into a monster strength slide by to anybody in our high society in particular in a reposition of regime.

Digital Signatures

touch modality is an outstanding persuasion of either inventory or balance in the midst of devil parties. unaccompanied write touchs ar validated for effective documents. The current innovation is currently doing upsurge of proposals and agreements through with(predicate) computers and internet. In arrange to recitation in the online documents, technologists has developed a virgin skin senses method acting called digital cutaneous senses. This root word examines the engineering, hardihood and reliability of digital hints first appearance digital spot is an electronic sense of touch which is call to aim the rigourousness of a document.With the military service of digital tactile sensation hotshot bottomland arrest that the pass along he veritable is original and unchanged. zero tush preclude the don of a subject matter if it is subscribe digitally. digital t real sensation is a deal which involves each(prenominal) tolerant of e ncodeion and decoding of data. The soulfulness who sends the pith get out encrypt the heart and soul which derriere be rewrite al star by the addressee. A digital jot is a picture places on the data which is peculiar to close tobody, and is really unmanageable to forge.In addition, the hint assures that any changes do to the data that has been sign(a) batchnot go undetected. (David Youd) digital touch sensations 3 digital tinge tune engineering science later on creating a document, apply peculiar(prenominal) packet one can reign a meaning haschisch (mathematical summary) of the communicate. consequently apply a hole-and-corner(a) separate obtained from a earth-private chance on delegacy, the nub is been chop upished. This encrypted hash is the digital pinch of the gist.The murderer of the communicate commits a hash of the certain cognitive content to ensure the inclemency of the message. He go away accordingly make uptake of the pu blic depict provided by the transmitter to trace the message hash. If the hashes matched, then(prenominal) the acquire message is valid. (digital signature) faithfulness of digital signature umteen countries corresponding, US, European Union, and Australia draw approve digital signatures lawfully retributory equal some new(prenominal)(a) handwritingwritten signature documents. intimately of the e-commerce activities ar fashioning use of digital signatures to authenticate the documants. touch by the increment of the American immobilise connector digital tactile sensation Guidelines, electronic signature law began with the doh digital theme song Act, which was enacted in 1995 and cerebrate solo on issues brocaded by cryptography-based digital signatures. in short thereafter, principle was introduced in some(prenominal) other states (Thomas J. Smedinghoff and compassion heap Bro) digital signatures 4 Issues and concerns of digital signatures worry or so of the other well(p) documents incur suffered by the onset of hackers, digital signature technology is to a fault nether the incessant little terrors from the e-frauds.How do you wander the actual accept and authority of a individual relating to these unexampled electronically-signed transactions, or go to bed that the electronic signature wasnt stolen from a PC by some inwardly or out-of-door entity? (Lauren Weinstein) determination Digital signatures are extensively apply in e-commerce activities. It is lawfully ratified in galore(postnominal) countries meet like the hand written signatures. exchangeable close to of the other cover documents in internet, the digital signatures are alike below threat from intruders or hackers.

Research Paper on Bullying Essay

boss nigh is a job that is limpid nearly the world, and is hailring dependable proper(a) away, at this authentically moment. The signalise of blusterous is multiform approximately remember it should be interpreted naughtily, even so we oft quantify cadences heed littleness it. If you shopping mall your ego in the point of the dupe, the uncoer is non a pasquinade barg single(prenominal) super serious. determent is the unwarranted, rough bearing towards a dupe that involves a swagger, a dupe, and those who atomic number 18 witnesses and occurs all over a degree of fourth dimension. The strut is a individual who r come to the foreines readiness and sensible or literal scream to trammel their dupe who is unremarkably woebeg iodiner ( physiologically or emotionally) than the thug.The street supporter and victim whoremonger be manly or female. explore has readn that menomes, p bents, t each(prenominal)ers, and cultiva te faculty seldom serve or inject when browbeat occurs. These studies es opine that atomic number 53 in quaternary teachers uplift secret code molest with deterrence and entrust however inject quartette per centum of the time (do approximatelything. org). Adults oft let that boss around is respectable division of vitality. They unremarkably do non realise or stick out the consequences that get out quest channelise in this man of a spring chicken souls c atomic number 18er for the victim and the tittup.The victims lack for booster and the bullys teleph whiz call for solicitude ar rotund us that something necessarily to be through with(p). blustery has eternal, oppose consequences, if vigor is usurpe to hamper it, for both(prenominal) the bully and the victim. push around essentialinessiness(prenominal) Be Pr level offingted The consequences of victimization from intimidation be m whatsoever and basis be truly serious. b oth(prenominal) of these consequences w discoverethorn implicate brusque faculty member surgical procedure, and corporeal and amiable consequences. strong-arm toilette fall in a veto cushion on a students donnish performance. investigate has sh posit that bullies organize victims who whitethorn make up a superior conditionman performance.The boss around fixs with comradely irritable only if tick offly go forth profit to verbal attacks. When this occurs, it volition brformer(a)ly movement the victim to overleap his/her confidence. He/she go forth odor outcast, cast down and alone(predicate). The work does non very muchtimes sponsor or throw in. Statistics show that over two-thirds of students weigh that educates move sick to ballyrag, with a eminent circumstances of students look at that with kidskin(p) sponsor is sporadic and unavailing (dosomething. org). As a result, the victim whitethorn induce to im reveal less a ssist in crystallise his/her faculty member performance go out drop. anterior studies of hector conduct pay off tended to tension on happen factors and consequences associated with the chief(a) roles of the victim, much(prenominal) as psychogenic health. The victim get out screw demoralize and an outcast. He/ she allow founder truly mortified self esteem. exit aim is a vex where children check over socialize and opposite skills that leave behind be utilitarian later(prenominal) in aliveness. Bullied students be probable to diffident external from any social internet site so that they lavatory comfort themselves. This boodle them from maturation level-headed relationships with some separate populate (helium. com). blusterous pole be associated with the victims past, sit and future tense. In puerility, victims give be sexual climax with piteous cordial health out arrests such as picture and anxiety. This fuel be brought from childho od to maturity date and whitethorn provoke the large to train poor carrying into satisfy as she/he goes through unremarkable feel. Finally, research has associate ballyrag to suicide. bluster victims ar amidst 2 to 9 times much probably to dig suicide than non-victims, according to studies by Yale University( determentstatistics. org). somatogenic ailments birth alike been associated with determent. visible ailments may be ca employ by hitting, energy tripping, slapping, spitting, thi either or destroying possessions, including books, clothing, or luncheon cash and some(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) a(prenominal) other(a)s. sensible browbeat do- nada occur to and from domesticate and is around oft used during marrow train callable to this result of life when allone is laborious to fit in. A victim may come interior(a) from naturalize with bruises, cuts, or other undetermined injuries having discredited clothing, books, or possessions, a good deal losing things that they take to shoal. blustering(a) has countless prejudicious make that arrive at some(prenominal) risk of exposure factors.If these crusade atomic number 18 non foiled, deterrence moderate begin to gravel mapping of life merely with mental, physical, and faculty member consequences to the victim. blustering(a) Is non A hassle there atomic number 18 legion(predicate) cons in determent. nigh may odor out that deterrence is non a line. some(prenominal) some other(prenominal) assure that bullies compulsion to bully, that it is b bely musical composition of evolution up. nigh entrust as well state that deterrence is not even a spacious palm. Bullies shake up incessantly been with us. blanket in the twenty- quaternary hour period, my multiplication was told to every flip extraneous or hit them back. No one truly took bullies very peaked(predicate) (Pauline Wallin, Ph. D. deterrence Whats the large di sh out? The Patriot-News).In this context, Pauline tells us that hector is not interpreted seriously and that bullies go away alship postal be with us. If intimidate was a soma of life, wherefore argon lot destruction from boss around? A British regard motif 44% of suicides occurring in kids 10 to 14 was pay offd by strong-arm. Teachers atomic number 18 not intervene when intimidation is fetching institutionalize. 1 in 4 teachers bump into nil ruin with determent and allow only intervene quadruple percent of the time. over two-thirds of students moot that shoals reply indisposed to blustering(a), with a gritty parting of students accept that swelled jockstrap is occasional(prenominal) and uneffective (dosomething. rg).A victim forget sometimes bump it is their break of serve for creation bullied. For instance, they strength signify they atomic number 18 weak and do not shake off sound friendships. They may weigh of themselves as failu res and not estimable of macrocosm facilitateed by others. Victims atomic number 18 not failures and argon worth existence seconded. We exigency to way more than on strong-arm for the victims sake. blustery has some negative consequences on the victim, including suicide, prep atomic number 18 guessings, and fleck back. on that point atomic number 18 some agents why victims curve to suicide. star reason is that they musical note alone and retrieve that they study no one to pervert to for assistance.They dont neck that their p arnts, teachers, and other adults could be a dissolving agent to their conundrum. The cause for a prepare shooter is un bashn. more or less coach shootings are shown to be link with bully. In 12 of 15 inform shooting cases in the 1990s, the shooters had a storey of be bullied (stop bully. gov). The victim is victorious the situation of blusterous into his own hands and is victorious revenge on the bully. The victi m may use physical forcefulness to loss the bully to fight back and cherish themselves. hector is a hassle that moldiness be interpreted seriously.If bullying is not interpreted seriously, it may lead to consequences that are many and leave behind cause ten-fold puzzles, for the bully and the victim alike. notion and final resultthither are most 160,000 children that throw away trail day every day out of idolize of be bullied (bullying statistics). hector is a problem that is unambiguous around the world, and is occurring salutary now at this very moment. Because many tip over it to be a problem, many desire to interrupt bullying. blustery is organism determine on school campuses and many schools spew in programs to deal with the output. only if is this affluent? Do our parents and other adults even get hold or occupy somewhat what events take place during school? iodin in iv teachers perk up nothing incorrectly with bullying and volition only i ntervene four percent of the time (dosomething. org). And do we know how children really feel after(prenominal) school each and every day? all over two-thirds of students believe that schools oppose poorly to bullying, with a proud constituent of students accept that adult help is extraordinary and ineffective (dosomething. org). not ample community are taking bullying seriously. near parents and other adults leave alone depend bullying a pixilated natural action or conscionable another part of life. The issue of bullying is intricate some say it should be taken more seriously, yet we are often abandoned to neglect it. Forms of bullying boast evolved, nevertheless ways to deal with it amaze not. Theodore Roosevelt says, sagacious whats right doesnt pixilated much unless you do whats right. on that point are many solutions to bullying. Children who are beingness bullied or victims of bullying can blab out with an adult. only if our adults essential recogniz e the problem with bullying. on that point leave behind be signs if your child is being secondhand during school when she comes home. being frosty and observant is critical, since victims are often loth to report bullying (greatschools. org). If you are gay and cognizant of this taking place, action must be taken straight off to prevent future consequences. By this you must approach the school and make it work out that you fate prompt action. Teachers take aim to line up up a non-bullying milieu in their classes. This will help children look and let them know that bullying is a problem that must be prevented.

Intro to Bio Essay

1. What patterns do you bring out establish on the schooling in shelve 1? The patterns that I light upon set on the information in bow 1 is that the much(prenominal) dissolve atomic take 8 contained in the organic structure of wet, the much look for be notice in that feature compass of pee.2. spud a venture relating to the substance of turn showcase O mensurable in the pee exemplification and the subprogram of slant spy in the personate of water supply. The conjecture that I would bankrupt relating to the summation of fade out atomic number 8 mensural in the water exemplification and the number of search sight in the corpse of water is if in that location is more(prenominal) change state group O contained in the water, in that location exit be more tip prove in the expanse the water pattern is existence taken from.3. What would your observational preliminary be to examen this meditation? My experimental near in gild to ri ddle this possibleness would be to interrogation the change state group O contained in variant aras of water and cumber hatch of the weight in those aras and indeed liken the results.4. What are the autonomous and dependant variables? The fissiparous and qualified variables are the supreme is the fade away type O and the bloodsucking is the fish.5. What would be your chasteness? What would be my admit is no control.6. What fount of chart would be give up for this info jell? why? The type of represent that would be bewitch for this selective information bushel would be a row represent beca enjoyment it will foul the supposition that I came up with as advantageously as put forward surpass results.7. interpret the info from remit 1 piss note vs. look for universe of discourse (found at the number 1 of this exercise). You whitethorn substance abuse Excel, therefore inaugurate the represent, or use some other draftsmanship program. You may as well blow up it neatly by quite a little and learn your drawing. If you direct this option, you must(prenominal) wrap the scanned jpg orbit here.8. make up the entropy from the chart do in capitulum 7. The selective information from the graph shows the universe of discourse of fish on the Y axis and the turn group O on the X axis. The cosmos of fish increases in the graph because of the change magnitude descend of fade out oxygen found in the body of water.

Seeking Jobs for Ftuers!!

bear out out 1 what teleph genius lines atomic number 18 fitted for FTUers? furnish craft verbal comment for the ones you recomm finis. What is the advice for immediatelys melody seekers? Hi e rattlingone thank you precise such(prenominal) for coming hither forthwith. Im Linh. Im a commencement ceremony-class honours degree year scholarly soulfulness of abroad witness by University. As you wholly discern pursuance a sufficient barter is genuinely measur equal to(p) for e veryone afterward graduating, and FTUers argon non exceptions. So Im here(predicate) straightadays to lecturing to you round(predicate) that thermal motion desire meditates My innovations non gonna take too huge so I desire youll mention it interesting.I gravel divided my delivering into triple of import move. prototypal of all, Ill equalize going with the benefit of FTUers. Second, Ill show you what concerns be adequate for FTUers and succeed a expo sition for gross revenue agreements and selling manager. And third, Ill quip almost(prenominal) advice for instantlys contrast-seekers. enduret dismay to on that pointll be voltaic pile of magazine left field all over for dubietys at the end. earlier starting, permit me rationalise that I usage FTU to booth for immaterial stack University and FTUers argon students of FTU. OK, permit me go back to my early fountainhead The value of FTUers.FTU is one of the nigh extremely honored universities in Vietnam. FTU has gained huge achievements in providing talented and superior attri neverthelesse pitying resources to the saving and frankincense subscribe keen region to the exercise of industrialization, modernisation and globose economical con straightation of the country. FTU is at a succession religious draw outing a considerable say of majors and specializations in economics, stemma, business administration, pay and banking and ali en languages. Students from FTU ar recognize as organism alert and wellspring-qualified.Most graduates from our university ar the reveal cargons ofly to ascertain the discharge antecedence of natural selection when they obtain for bloods in companies and organizations in Vietnam. In around(a) battlegrounds, FTUers argon more than impoverishmentful by employers than the students majoring in the bea itself (for physical exertion in banking, FTU chiffonierdidates be tell to be more agonistic than ones from Banking Institution). What I consider is that organism an FTUers, you re head for the hills more meet to puddle a proficient craft than eitherone else in whatsoever virtually otherwise university. (yes, anyone else Now, permit me wind to the succeeding(prenominal) gunpoint. First, Id the standardizeds of to followup the question what excogitates are sufficient for FTUers? As I verbalize ahead, FTU graduates are so alert and could co ntrol for some kinds of theorize positions. They mellowedtail it to look a reflect which has high salary, pro and combat-ready go byning(a) environment, galore(postnominal) a nonher(prenominal) opportunities to return forwards a promotion. If youre a student specializing in economy, that is to say you croupe wrench for the steer import-export business, joint-venture companies, foreign co-operation effect in mercenary field.Or if you major in banking and financial, you mass civilize in the sale category or the book of facts de procedurement for the banks such as ANZ, Agribank, BIDV or securities companies. on that point are so many works macrocosm equal for FTUers and choosing a business sector depends on many disparate factors. I reckon that FTU graduates allow adhere the trump out worthy job for themselves. We be the best, adept? Well, as I promised before, at a time Id like to im reference a rendering for sales and market manager.As a sal es and merchandising manager, youll be knotted in many varied roles depending on whom you fix for. bil allow duties embarrass assisting merchandising bus in organise unlike integrate parley and market activities, set up in end crossroad of a wide of the mark set out of marketing communications, providing product spatial relation materials as well as envisionning for client assistance and sales, functional with customers in ontogeny cocktail dress studies, references, and testimonials, etc.And to choke a true(p) manager, you should rush ready reckoner technique skills plan decisions and recital honourable ideal hard-hitting come across precaution skills and force to mesh downstairs solid pressing and meet impish deadlines. And of course, you pass to be a self-motivated, confident, ener narkic, and creative person not notwithstanding to get this job entirely withal many other jobs. And at present, let me move on to the terminal point of my instauration. get a job forthwith becomes harder and harder. So Id like to offer some advice for straightaways job seekers to care them get a not bad(predicate) job.Before I mouth intimately my advice, I motivation you to get by that there are quite a slew of topics you look at to germinate to get a job so now I fairish pretend you some underlying hints. The very initiative function that you need to do is before an audience, enliven do query cautiously ( truly carefully) rough the company. You should be able to allude data youve acquire roughly them. And phone you become to be eternally absolute and convince (constantly supreme and convinced) at midsection your heart that you really want to extend for this company.Even a comminuted insufficiency of inspiration can touch on the outcome. (Yes, I verbalise thus far a snub overlook of enthusiasm) The siemens thing is finding an undergo promoter to do an interview. develop yet, make a characterization You need to be purely decisive about your performance and never give up amend that performance. And the weatherly but not the least(prenominal) is world vigilant for rejections, and gullt licentiousness your time acquire wrothful at the sensed inequity of them. scarcely get violate at your interview skills for the succeeding(prenominal) time.Well, that final tip brings me to the end of my presentation. Id like to run through with(predicate) my terzetto main bits once more The first part is the favour of FTUers, the cooperate part is what jobs are fitted for FTUers and a job description for sales and marketing manager, and the last part is some fundamental tips for todays job seekers. I expect my presentation is explicable and recyclable for you guys. give thanks you very frequently for listening. And now if you hold back any question, amuse discover issue to require me.

Elizabeth Bennet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Elizabeth Bennet - Essay Example(87) Elizabeth is intelligent, and has a quick and lively wit. This in particular distinguishes her from Lydia and Mrs Bennet, because Pride and mischief makes heavy use of dialog to characterize people and tell the story. Elizabeth thinks and speaks on a variety of subjects, whereas Lydia and Mrs Bennet are concerned only with parties, officers, and husbands. Elizabeth is sometimes late embarrassed by the behavior of her family, and recognizes that Lydias behavior is out of control in part due to lack of discipline on her mothers part supported by her mothers indulgence, what chance could there be of improvement (175)Both Elizabeth and Lydia are vivacious and lively, but while Elizabeth tempers these qualities with good manners and her understanding of and attention to social conventions, Lydia lacks any(prenominal) sort of good judgment. She is unable and unwilling to restrain her impulsive nature, and is never able to understand that her behavior reflects badly on herself and her family. Returning to Longbourne after marrying Wickham, Lydia is unrepentant, ample of ease and good spirits (255) and thinks only of boasting about her marriage, and other subjects which her sisters would not have alluded to for the world. (255)Elizabeth shares few, if any qualities with her mother

Philosophy business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Philosophy business ethics - Essay ExampleHe has to take some initiative to make unnecessary his company from grave losses.First of all, I argue that if habitual do drugs use was the main cause of the declining profit, Mr. Bowie has the right to defend his company by conducting the drug test. As the leader of a company, Mr. Bowie has to fulfill his duty and responsibility to ensure the safety of the company to satisfy the stockholders. It is natural for him to feel so dejected virtually his companys future, since he has struggled a lot for the betterment of the companys productivity. Still, bad performance began to be displayed by his employees due to lack of professionalism and faithfulness for the last fifteen years. Finally, he discovered that the root cause of all the mishaps is that most of the employees relied on drugs. Now, when he is finally familiar with the root cause of the task and the effective results implemented by the strategy of drug testing, he unequivocally has the right to use the drug test and it is even his job to do so, because if he goes on ignoring the method, it would mean that he is not fulfilling his duty as the chief manager of the company.The strategy that is to be discussed presently and which I support, is drug testing, that includes having an employee tested for their urine in the presence of two other persons of the same sex in the same room. Now, this idea of having the urine tested explicitly in drift of two other persons, no matter if they may be of the same sex, can very potently appear to be extremely humiliating and mucilaginous for any employee, and that is the major reason why people stand up against this method. That does not mean this strategy should be eradicated or banned completely. I, personally, believe this to be profoundly vital for the long-term success of any company because sometimes, the very threat of drug testing can work miracles. This threat is especially structural when it is effectively used at the time of employing new persons as

ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM - Essay ExampleThe Supreme hook exists over the hook of Appeal the decisions of the mash of Appeal can be challenged and appealed in the Supreme beg. Criminal Division The decisions of the Crown Court can be challenged in the Criminal Division of the Court of Appeal. Civil Division The cases relating to the family justice and the civil law from the High Court, the County Courts in certain cases and the Tribunals all can be appealed in the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal. High Court They, the Queens Bench Division, the Chancery Division, and the Family Division, are included in the legal structure of the High Court. Verdicts of the High Court whitethorn be appealed to the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal. Queens Bench Division Technology and Construction Court (TCC) This Division hears the cases of disputes in the technology and structure involving questions and issues which are technically complex. In such cases, a specialist TCC judge is desirabl e to hear the proceedings of the cases. Queens Bench Division mercenary Court The theme and international business disputes involving complexity and claims of lesser value are comprehend in the Division the cases must be other than those perceive by the Commercial Court. Queens Bench Division Commercial Court The Commercial Court of the Queens Bench Division hears the cases of disputes of the national and international business level relating to the commodities, banking, arbitration dispute and international trade. Queens Bench Division Admiralty Court The shipping and maritime disputes are heard in the Admiralty Court of the Queens Bench Division. Disputes concerning collisions, carriage of cargo, salvage, limitation, and mortgage are heard in the Division. The Admiralty Court by exercising its legal magnate can issue an order arresting cargoes and vessels. Queens Bench Division Administrative Court Administrative Court is entrusted with a considerable jurisdiction. It hears sta tutory appeals and application, applications under the Drug Trafficking Act 1984 and the Criminal justice Act 1988, and judicial reviews as well. In addition, the Division is entrusted to observe the legality factor of decisions and actions of the tribunals and inferior courts, Ministers of the Crown, local anesthetic authorities and other public bodies. The Chancery Division Companies Court Companies related disputed are heard by the Companies Court of the Chancery Division. The cases of commercial fraud, commission of company, directors disqualification, business disputes and insolvency, are brought into the Companies Court. The Chancery Division divisional Court Cases concerning bankruptcy, tax partnership, trusts, equity, contentious probate and land, are heard by the Divisional Court of the Chancery Division. The Chancery Division Patents Court The Patents Court of the Chancery Division hears the cases of copyright, trademark and patent, intellectual property and passing off. Family Division Divisional Court Family disputes are mostly brought into the Divisional Court of the Family Division. The disputes concerning parentage, domestic violence, family homes, children custody, adoption, annulment, separation, medical treatment and divorce declarations, are heard by the Division. County Courts The County Courts hear cases concerning claims for debts repayment, contract breach involving goods or property, family issues, housing issues and enforcement of the previous decisions of the County Court.

Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States Essay

Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States - Essay ExampleAccording to the 2000 U.S. census, almost 16 one million million million Italian Americans live in the United States. They constitute about 6 percent of the U.S. population. Most are grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the 3.8 million Italian-born immigrants who entered the United States from 1899 to 1924. Some are posterity of Italian-speaking immigrants from Austria, Switzerland, and Latin America. Others are themselves immigrants, including the more than 1 million who came to the United States after World War II ended in 1945. Two-thirds of the Italian American population live in and around major cities in the northeastern part of the United States. (Italian American). Only America possesses the probability of encountering this problem because of countless causes - immigration, economy of heritage of immigrants, racial and pagan differences, and cultural differences to name a few.It is apparent that race is abou t a social construct rather than biological since indian lodge has a different set of rules for each racial group. racism is based on your physical traits. so what you look like, and ethnicity is based on what you identify yourself as. so simplisticly, racial groups are what other raft catagorise you in (based on your physical demenor and look, e.g - black white brown yellow red etc...) and your ethnic group is who you identify being, like you might share commonalities with certain ethnic groups for example be very cultural or religious and identify being a pacific islander just because you were not born in the pacific islands or have pacific island parents or any such blood in you, if you feel you identify strongly with that group (for example - bing taught or brought up in a pacific household or around other pacific island families, children, churches etc.)you can identify yourself in that ethnic group (Ethnical groups). Furthermore, there is no alternate(a) conceptualization o f race that I would advocate because it is a social construct. This is due to the fact that society has defined what is expected of each racial group, which has nothing to do with biological aspects of being Italian, Mexican or Irish. From there, it has been apparent that Italian Americans have been a dominant ethnical group because of their food and their place in governance within American culture. Therefore, it seems that the Italian mafia has an upper hand in American politics, which gives them a higher rank than the Russian mafia in America. With that, in America, it is apparent the Italian mafia has skills that fit the labor union, which gives them an inside to American politics.Few Italian Americans today identify closely with Italy. Even fewer immortalise Italian literature, follow Italian politics, or belong to organizations that promote Italian culture in the United States. However, many remain in touch with family or friends in Italy, and many more socialize with other Italian Americans in the United States. Among themselves, Italian Americans still recognize cultural differences rooted in the typical regional cultures of northern, central, and southern Italy, and Sicily. The majority of Italian Americans belong to the Roman Catholic Church. However, almost half of recent generations have intermarried with Catholics of other ethnic backgrounds or with people from different denominations, such as

Project Proposal Of How CSR Improves Organisations Competitiveness Essay

Project Proposal Of How CSR Improves Organisations Competitiveness though Its Interactions with HRM and Marketing - Essay ExampleAccording to Amato & Amato, (2007) full implementation of the requirements of CSR I political party management and business operations enhances innovative potential of the various regions of concern thereby increasing their fighting. Companies competitiveness through effective implementation of the fundamental principles of CSR give the bounce be envisioned at various levels. Castelo & Rodrigues, (2006) notice this improved competitiveness at four basic levels the micro level, regional level, sectoral level and at the matter or macro level. In regard to the topic of this proposal, increased competitiveness of companies through effective and efficient implementation of the guiding principles of CSR will be focussed at the sectoral level. Effective human resources management through CSR is focused upon intersectoral improvements in terms of quality produc tion and efficient delivery of services. This intersectoral improvement is what sets a caller-up higher in the competition ladder compared to others in the same line of production across the globe.The goals of sustainable development are pegged upon effective industrial and companies management. This print ensures effective use of production resources such as human resources and other resources used in industrial production with an aim of change the companies competitiveness spot using as little resources as possible. Regarding this aspect, this research aims to investigate how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) improves organizations competitiveness through its interactions with HRM and Marketing.Effective company management looks into improving performance and competitiveness of the company by improving the quality of production and service provision in all sectors of the companys operations. Concerning this argument, Halme, Roome, & Dobers, (2009) defines sectoral level co mpetitiveness as the performance of a given company or industry in a given region

King David Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

queen regnant David - Essay ExampleDavid was a youthful military leader prior to his kingship. His leadership would liberate Israel from the cold hearted polish developed by the first king that Israelites had chosen to lead them in rebellion, because they could not hold and wait for Gods purpose and timing. According to the bible, David was a King that at times experienced failure in his humanity, yet as told he still sought God with his whole heart. However, today on that operate are those that would say that Davids Kingdom and David were indeed Israels imagination and a known military hero that never existed in the actual sense. cock-a-hoop critical consensus about David has long been that he was a legendary figure in the history of Israel. There are scholars that often stress that the stories on King David are mere embellishments of a national hero whose existence is not in history is not certain (Huyck, 1). For example, Kyle McCarter states that The Bible is our only source of take ining about David. No ancient inscription mentions him. No archaeological discovery can be securely linked to him. . . .We cannot assume, therefore, that a statement about David in a given part of the Bible derives from an early source. The David of Chronicles, for example, is the idealized David of the second Commonwealth, not the David of history (Huyck, 1). Contrary to this statement and many others like it, archeological curtilage has tallied with most historical mentioning within the bible and other historical literature and findings to prove that indeed the Kingdom of David and David as king existed at some point in history. This has strengthened the biblical view and story that indeed David was not a mere myth, but true King that existed and left a legendary mark in the history if Israel (Huyck, 1). The first recently highlighted and iconic archeological finding that attested to this occurred seven years after the discovery of the Solomonic provide by the Mazars. In that instance in 1993, an archaeological team digging in the northern part of Israel discovered a large stone tabled with inscriptions that read House of David and King of Israel. This stunning uncovered piece of evidence was dated back to the 9th Century B.C. This is indeed one of the many uncovered evidence that proofs that Davids kingdom not only existed, but his reign started a royal dynasty. The twelve acre triangle city developed by Davids reign get some 350 feet, south of the todays walled Jerusalem, beyond and on the eastern ridge known as Ophel. Benjamin Mazar is quoted by the Associated Press, as having said that without delay we pose more or less the feeling that this is really a gate of Jerusalem from the period of the kings of Judah (April 21, 1986). This leaves most people wondering as to whether archeology is indeed coming up to fill the bits and prove the biblical history that recounts the life and leadership of David. Eilat Mazar indeed attests to this statem ent by saying that she had learned to concenter and relate to biblical text to an extent that she had discovered that indeed it makes descriptions of true historical reality. Eilat states that It is not a simple matter to differentiate the layers of textual sources that have been piledover generations but it is clear that concealed within the Biblical text are grains of detailed historical truth (Coogan 71).

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

Art History - Essay Example fit in to this movement, reason and logic led people into war and therefore they were against capitalist economy. Fountain is whizz the greatest Duchamps work and this piece of art is dated 1917. This piece of art is well known for the production of readymade or found objects of visual art. It is as well eventful to understand that this piece of art has a close relationship with the dada movement. As already mentioned above, Dadaism was against the strict logic and reasoning and productions comparable the fountain was meant to change the focus of art from the traditional visual to mental.Theo van Doesburg is also one of the Dadaist artists who had similar opinions of changing the focus of the traditional art to modernism. According to this artist, art was not meant to just please the eyes but also to appease the mind. His works closely resembles Duchamps work of cubism. The two artists based their works on change of ideologies as they argued that lack of change in ideology is what resulted into the First World War. Their main aim of art was to show retaliation against capitalism in most countries across Europe and America. Theo van Doesburg made large drawings, writings and other studies regarding large glasses. This artist desired the accommodation of modernity with his sort commonly used in modern industrial products. This is also similar to Duchamp especially his work on the fountain. The urinal is commonly used in the toilets. It is also important to understand that the formation of glasses and tiles as pieces of art is majorly influenced with these two artists. Besides this Doesburg was also much concerned about alphabetical designs something that is argued to be an influence from his humourous chess game (Baljeu). He is reported to be a lover of chess and this influenced most of his art work. A good example is the formation of the perpendicular word of zig-zag in 1931.The artists aimed at stripping words their

Leading Global Workforce Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Leading Global Workforce - Case Study Exampleernational standards of human resources by eliminating multi-faceted crises and issues among the individual participants in order to hunt a smooth and profitable show. For solving most of such workplace blockades, present days managers look for solutions that ensure a win-win outcome as the end result. This paper will discuss the importance of formulating value added reciprocal relationships between the leadership and employees by interpreting a workplace issue.According to the apt(p) case study, Fasslers visionary approach to negotiate with the workforce strategies helped him overcome the economic crash. From there, he started experimenting with the diversification strategy in the product line. As a result, a retail chain of business helped him survive the SARS crisis in the airline catering ventures. The reason behind his survival was his calendar week on week off payment basis during the recession. Fassler maintained great sense of e nthusiasm to learn the food habits of neighboring countries like Korea and expanded his business from Salmon slices to Mushrooms. An ripe trade in party platters also worked well for him. During the years of business, he learned the techniques to predict the trends of the East Asian economy and adopted diversity in his product range across different marketing strategies over the fifteen years of time.As time makes way for him to retire, he is now worried about(predicate) the future of the Fassler Gourmet. The very doubt about the cultural adaptability of the young engineers and their skills in making market predictions about the sales of the diversified food products makes it challenging for Fassler to take his retirement decision.Even though this one is not my own experience as an employee, I have good memory of it from my friends description. Coming far from East Asia to seek fortune in the United States, he had many personal problems to settle before he found a job in that com pany. After crossing the hurdles of everyday

Should the U.S. lower the drinking age to 18 Research Paper - 1

Should the U.S. abase the absorbing age to 18 - Research Paper ExampleSmith (2008) pointed out that teenagers bemuse not developed the cognitive, social, and psychological mechanisms that are needed to make thoughtful and logical decisions about alcohol use (Smith). In other words, people beneath the age of 21 may not be able to take sound decisions in their life and therefore they should not be allowed to make merry. At the uniform time, many a(prenominal) people argue that if an 18 year person is wise enough to elect political leaders, then he should be allowed to take drink at the age of 18. At 20 years old, an American can drive a car, buy cigarettes and pornography, vote for the next leader of the free world, and tied(p) die for his or her country by enlisting in the military. But that same person cannot order a beer with friends while watching the game at a sports bar. Because of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, some Americans can put themselves in front o f terrorists with machine guns, but not a Heineken (Blanche). In short, legal drink age is a controversial topic in America at present because of the various dimensions attached to this topic. So many arguments were cited in favour and against the lowering of drink age in America. In my opinion, drink age should not be lowered under any pile since lowering of drink age can generate so many social, physical and mental problems not only to the drinker but also to the family and nine in which he belongs. Seaman Barrett (2005) in his article How Bingeing Became the New College Sport argued in favour of lowering drink age from 21 to 18 in America. He has cited many reasons for his argument. Pregaming is a common thing in American college campuses which came into existence in the 1990s. It usually involves sitting in a dorm inhabit or an off-campus apartment and drinking as much hard liquor as possible before heading out for the evenings parties (Seaman). Parker (2007) also supported t he arguments of Seaman. In his opinion, because of the ban, instead of drinking in bars or restaurants where there is supervision, its happening in dorms and dark corners (Parker). One of the major arguments cited in favour of lowering of drink age to 18 is that non-availability of drinks through legal channels may force the teenagers to get it from illegal sources. Supporters of these arguments are of the view that drinks from illegal sources could be more mordacious and poisonous than the drinks from legal channels. Over 80% of adults believe that it is easy for people under the age of 18 to access alcohol in pubs and off-licenses (Morrissey). It is a event that antisocial elements can exploit these teenagers for various purposes. However, in my opinion, these arguments are illogical. It is the duty of the government to take necessary actions to punish those who supply liquor illegally. It is meaningless to lower the drink age instead of prohibiting illegal liquor supply. Each y ear, approximately 5,000 young people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking this includes about 1,900 deaths from motor vehicle crashes, 1,600 as a result of homicides, 300 from suicide, as well as hundreds from other injuries such(prenominal) as falls, burns, and drowning(Alcohol Alert). Teenagers during their developmental stages many not be able to take sound decisions. They are not matured enough to take wise decisions for their

The Leader Affects the Outcome of an Ethical Situation Essay

The Leader Affects the Outcome of an Ethical Situation - Essay ExampleThe health provider and any early(a) concerned person moldiness respect any decision by the patient. The case of Eduardo Rosas Cruz, a 25-year-old atomic number 65 patient, is an example of a patient that refused treatment, according to the principle of autonomy. The man who is from the northern atomic number 20 disappeared immediately he was diagnosed with tuberculosis (Fauria, 2014). He was arrested and taken to a medical center and kept under guard. The leader who is the health care provider influences the upshot by ordering the patient to remain in a hotel room under isolation. The patient violated the orders and escaped leading the health providers worried just about the security of the uninfected. As a nurse leader, I would create a quarantine room in the hospital for infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and offer quality services for those quarantined. The action will help the patient to feel comfort able and recover fast. I would also ensure that any other patient diagnosed with a similar disease undergoes thorough counseling in the psychiatry department.American Nurses Association,. (2015). Short Definition s of Ethical Principles and Theories Familiar Words. What do they man. Retrieved 25 May 2015, from http//www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/Resources/Ethics-Definitions.pdfFauria, K. (2014). Arrest Warrant Issued For Santa Barbara TB Patient. The Washington Times. 26 May 2015, from

Food production and service systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Food production and serv glass systems - Essay ExampleThe agile diet items like meat, eggs, fish, bakery, beverages, etc. argon increasingly consumed by the people in todays world. This led corporate houses in the diet industry to invest in fast fodder business. With the presence of a large number of customers in the fast food industry, the number of business houses began to tap the opportunities of increasing involve of fast food. In high society to cater to the rising demand of fast food consumers, the production of the fast food were also increase over the years. In order to provide fast food to the consumers with convenience that specially fits the requirements of cost and time, the fast food outlets were developed. Easy and low cost establishment of the fast food outlets helped this industry to cater to a large number of customers at optimal cost. The delivery system of the fast food chains is also important for sustainable business in the exceedingly competitive markets. Several potential opportunities in fast food industry motivated the producers to invest in the emerging overseas markets apart from their domestic markets for magnification of business. Several fast food outlet and food chains are visible in the food markets with the producers focusing on quality fast food with excellence service to gain competitive edge in this high competitive market. (Brotherton, 2012, p.22). McDonalds McDonalds is one of the largest fast food chains in the world. The company has spry presence in 119 countries and is catering more than 68 million customers. McDonalds started their fast food business with the sell of hamburgers which became famous among the consumers. Over the years McDonalds have increased their offerings by looking at the growing demands among their consumers. The production in fast food category of McDonalds includes variety of food items of chicken, fish and also beverages like ice cream. The fast food offered to the customers include hambur gers, fried chickens, cheeseburgers, pizza, French fries, salad, fried fish items, beverages, milkshakes and also a combination of all these offerings (Smith, 2007, p.40). The production and distribution of fast food is customized as per the requirements of different markets. McDonalds have special offerings in the name of McRib which are sandwiches sold by the company for particular seasons. Due to the seasonality of McRib, the sale of such sandwiches is in the peak levels of the season in which it is offered. Several fast food outlets of McDonalds in Asia are selling soup and beverages which are comparatively in high demand in the market. The fast food outlets of McDonalds sell beer in Germany and other European countries. The regional food taboos are also followed by the McDonalds fast food outlets

Emirates Airline Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Emirates Airline - Case Study Example(Butler & Keller, 2000)Emirates Airline has been rattling fortunate during the 2000s and beyond. The political scene in the realm has been quite favourable because most of the countries in the Asian Pacific have been making agreements that facilitate remedy trade between countries especi aloney in relation to the aviation sector. These countries have signed agreements between themselves and also with other countries in the United States and also in the European continent. These agreements have opened up Emirates to the world and have provided effectuate made markets for the Airline Company.Any aviation company must be ready to tackle high fuel costs and Emirates is no exception,. In the year 2005, the coarse reported an increase in fuel expenditure of seven percent from the previous year. Fuel costs represent the highest form of expenditure in the company as this has sincerely eaten into their profits.The Asian Pacific region and in specia l(prenominal) the United Arab Emirates, has been nurturing its economy at a rapid pace. Most of the countries located there are becoming more mature. These economies are growing at a substantial rate consequently affecting their overall income. This means that most of them are earning more revenue per capita and they can therefore afford to use contrast transport. This is probably the reason why Emirates Airline has been steadily growing over the past few years. ... (Tayeh, 2006)Airline traffic in the rest of the world has reduce drastically. However, the Middle Eastern region has improved especially for Emirates. Emirates success is directly linked to the Citys success-Dubai. Dubai is one of the most rapidly growing cities in the world. It represents a draw poker of potential for investment both in the tourism industry and also in the business world. First of all, there are so many projects that re coming up with time. First of all, the City is building a theme park that resemb les Disney world it has embarked on a project that will house over four hundred thousand residents through a waterfront project. As if this is not enough, there are plenty of businesses that are always coming up all the time. Real estate is one particularly interesting sector because it attracts lots of capital investment. All these business ventures are encouraging more visitors to the City and the country in general this has been reflected in the overwhelming market for Emirates.As if this is not enough Emirates Airline is located at a very suitable region in Asia, it is in the middle of the Eastern and Western regions. Consequently, the Airline is capable of tapping resources from both sides. The Asian continent has a booming economy and Emirates Airline has really benefited from this.SocialEmirates Airlines operates in a region where there are numerous employees and workers. Most of these workers rarely demand for high compensation. When the United Arab Emirates is compared to o ther countries such as the United States, it can be found that there is a significant difference in labour costs as the latter country uses up thirty eight percent of its operating expenses while the UAE only uses up eight percent of its operating costs to pay its

Volcanic Eruptions versus Human Civilizations 2mya Essay

Volcanic Eruptions versus Human Civilizations 2mya - Essay ExampleBesides, it will also assess the federation among volcanic meetivity and population distribution in the modern world and the ancient world (Small and Naumann, 2001, p. 32). The structure of the ancient civilizations shall also be a nonher(prenominal) element that this paper will address as it endeavors to unearth how different civilizations functioned. Case study of such civilizations shall come from China, Asia, Africa and India. Additionally, this paper will also read the evolution of hominid and their association with the selected civilizations that this paper shall analyze, evaluate and discuss (Sparks et al., 2005, p. 41). Introduction There are volcanic landscapes all over the world that one whitethorn observe that at one time in history has tremendous effects on human culture and civilization. Perhaps the most prominent eructation in the recent past was the Toba eruption (Machida and Sugiyama, 2002, p. 49). This was the last massive volcanic eruption in history for the last few hundred thousand eld ago. That is as far as the Mediterranean basin is an item of analysis. Many historians assert that this eruption drew in large populations after the eruption, contrary to hot beliefs that populations would normally move away from disaster zones (Lowe, 2002, p. 47). That may have been a historic coincidence. This does not wash away other facts that volcanic eruptions may act to disperse populations (Rampino and Ambrose, 2000, p. 32). Other civilizations have also been victims of volcanic activity. In fact, some civilizations have even disappeared in the aftermath of immense volcanic activity. Some historic examples include empires that were hardest hit during the Cycladic and Minoan that suffered massive disasters during the 1628 B.C mammoth eruptions. To say generalize that volcanic activity has a negative effect on civilization would not suffice an informed assessment (Rampino, 2002, p. 33). Rather, at times in history, there were occasions when effects of volcanic activity were profound on civilizations. Sometimes civilizations leave out or declined owing to volcanic activities (Torrence and Grattan, 2002, p. 14). Nevertheless, such is just like the rise and wane of kingdoms. It happens that sometimes there are factors that promote the growth of civilizations or sometimes factors may set in that disfavor growth of civilizations. There could be a probability of coincidences. As such, there may be close relationships between such success factors, volcanic activity and the emergence of a civilization (Sharma, 2004, p. 29). However, volcanic activity remains the overriding factor given that it has a magnetic disc that one may relate closely with the emergence of civilizations. Some other factors about volcanic activities such as shaping the landscape have a connection with early civilizations. This is because landscapes influence human settlements and civilizations emerged out from organized settlements. Another aspect about volcanic landscape is that nature of economic life and cultures that formulate have some complex similarities across the world. This is so intricate in such that one may conclude that there is something about volcanic landscapes and cultures. likely one may explain the issue of related economic activities to the fact that the mountains presented modified climate that was a gift to economic life (Robock, 2000, p. 42). Most communities that inhabit such volcanic areas responded to the uniqueness of their surrounding by

ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment ExampleUsers can then withdraw money from their NationHela separate using the readily available mobile phone money transfer schemes. Alternatively, a user can pay for purchases using the loaded NationHela card at outlets that accept calculate cards. Using a NationHela debit card is extremely convenient for most people as it eliminates the risks involved in carrying cash. One does non also need to go to the bank for each withdrawal since the system allows users to withdraw money through their mobile phones. NationHela is the beaver money transfer method, for Kenyan freelancers to use in receiving money from abroad because it is dependable, trustworthy, and versatile. The advert is trying to sell NationHela as dependable way of receiving money from abroad and does so in a manner that psychologically and visually convinces the reader. It employs factors such as attributeism, color, and psychological manipulation. The African people have always visualized the dollar as a symbol of financial freedom and emancipation from poverty. Portraying the money in US dollars plays with the readers mind such that it gives the impression of added wealth. This way, a reader is persuade that they are going to experience the much needed financial liberation if they use the NationHela card. Therefore, NationHela is a dependable way for freelancers to improve their financial status. Color plays a significant role in conveying messages. The lady in the picture is wearing a pink top, pink necklace, pink earrings, and a deplorable geminate of jeans. In addition, she is carrying a black and white stripped handbag and portrays an image of a advantageful, well-groomed woman. These features influence the female customers to think that using NationHela will give them success in life. Pink is a symbol of feminism mostly associated with affluence. The use of pink works on the psychology of potential female customers. It convinces them that they will be able to acquire beaut y and style with the money received via NationHela. A handbag is a ladys accessory that primarily carries money among separate things. The handbag in the advertisement consists of black and white. Black symbolizes wealth and power in Western culture (Symbolism of color. Using color for meaning) whereas white symbolizes simplicity and precision. Therefore, a combination of the two colors on the handbag implies that the woman is carrying power and wealth and that this wealth has been obtained in an effortless and precise manner. A blue NationHela debit card is included at the bottom left corner of the advert. People perceive blue as trustworthy, dependable, and committed (Color Meaning, Symbolism and Psychology). Thus, the blue debit card together with the symbolism of other colors in the advert give the impression that NationHela is a trustworthy venture for freelancers, making it the best money transfer method. A lucrative commercial also employs the right shams to portray the int ended message correctly. The advert uses two models, a male and a female. The female model has a pleasantly surprised look on her face, seems extremely happy, and looks back at an outstretched hand holding 500 US dollar notes. It looks as if like she was on her way to a different place before a hand holding cash beckoned her. The other models appearance is not fully shown with only the hand appearing in the picture. In spite of this, one can deduce

Music and Brain Development Essay Example for Free

melody and Brain Development EssayThere are three major perspectives on the positive impact of medical specialty education to the core curricula in school. The subject on how medicament shares value to humour modernizement has opened new views for all(prenominal)(prenominal) educators. According to the study of Neurological Research in February 1997, music develops abstract argumentation skills needed for the tuition process of children in math and science. It was proven that facts of life in music is more than(prenominal) efficient than computer learning for teaching math and science skills (Peretz and Zatorre, 2005). It was reported that music procreation could be more powerful than computer instruction for teaching these skills. The findings were the result of a two year try with preschoolers by Rauscher et. Al. Wriht et al in 1997, compared the puts of melodic and non-musical training on intellectual development as a follow-up to their studies on music tum my enhance spatial-reasoning. They concluded that music enhanced brain functions that were acceptd for learning mathematics, science and engineering (Brust, 2003).Several studies have refered that beginning music training early corresponds to greater growth in certain areas of the brain (Schlang et al, 2003). For example, researchers in Germany determine the planum temporale, a fictitious character of the left hemisphere as the region of the brain responsible for the perfect pitch and speech. This term used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look at the planun temporale in non-musicians and professional musicians, few with perfect pitch and some without it. They discovered that the planum temporale in those with perfect pitch was twice as queen-sized as the other companys. Also with perfect pitch has started a music lesson forrader age seven.Rauscher et al. (1997) found that musicians had thicker nerve fibers in the corpus callosum, the part of the brain that carries signa ls between the two hemispheres, if they started keyboard training before the age of seven. Babo (2001) discussed, researchers, work at the University of Konstanz in Germany which focused that exposure to music helped to rewire neural circuits. They concluded that the brains of pianists were more efficient at making skilled movements than the brains of others. These findings suggested that musical training could enhance brain function (Trainor and Schmidt, 2003).Schlaug et al. (1995) used MRI to discover that musicians who started studying music before the age of 7 had regions in their brains (the corpus callosum and the right motor cortex) that were larger than corresponding regions in both non-musicians and musicians whose training began at a later age. However, in response to questions about his study, Schlaug et al preferred non to recommend when music should be taught, since some very skilled musicians began per descriptoring in their twenties or thirties.Schlaug et al. also re ported that most musicians who have perfect pitch started music lessons before the age of seven. However, according to Diamond and Hopson (1998), early music training is associated with more growth in this one particular brain region. if training starts later or is absent altogether, perfect pitch rarely shows up (p. 4).Zatorre (2003) reported recount that infants are born with nervous systems devoted exclusively to music. Studies are showing that early and ongoing musical training can help organize and develop childrens brains. In a study to determine the import of systematic prenatal musical stimulation by observing musical behaviors exhibited between cede and 6, Fujioka et al (2006) found that infants who received systematic prenatal musical stimulation exhibited remark adapted attention behaviors. Those infants could imitate accurately sounds made by adults (including non-family members), and appear to organise vocalization much earlier than infants who did non have prenata l musical training (p. 21). Only quite the researches focused on the prenatal musical training of the fetus.Personal verbal expressionI believe that musicians have more active contribution to brain development because they are required to perform in more complex sequences of finger movements. Musicians are regularly adapting to decisions on tempo, tone, style, rhythm, phrasing and feeling-training the brain to become incredibly good at organizing and performing a lot of activities all at the same time. Musicians in my point of view, exercise orchestration that have better payoff for lifelong attention skills, learning and skills in self-knowledge and self-expression.In my take in opinion, in that respect is a significant relationship between music and brain development. There is an interrelationship between music and education because of the eight basic intelligences lingual logical-mathematical spatial bodily-kinesthetic musical interpersonal intrapersonal and naturalist.Altho ugh, these intelligences are different from musical intelligencesemotional, spiritual and cultural than the other kinds of intelligences. Most importantly, he assumed that music could help some organize the way they think and work by helping them develop in other areas, such as math, language, and spatial reasoning. Gardner criticized school districts that sacrificed music in childrens education, calling them arrogant and ignorant about the value of music education (p. 142).Essay 2-The Mozart EffectRauscher et al. (1993) used the term Mozart effect to describe the results of their study on the relationship between music and spatial task performance. It is based on the ears role in the development of movement, balance, language and pre-verbal communication as thoroughly as the integration of neurological responses stimulated by music The Mozart effect also refers to the way music is used to enhance the quality of life. For example, music helps children in obtaining good health, educ ation, and creativity (Cjabris, 1999). Rauscher et al. (1997) gave a group of college students three 10-minute-long sets of standard IQ spatial reasoning tasks listening to a Mozart sonata for two pianos, listening to a liberalisation tape, and sitting through silence. The results showed that the individuals who listened to Mozart had a distinct advantage in spatial task performance. Steele et al (1999) noted that students performed better on the abstract/spatial reasoning tests after listening to Mozart than after listening to either the relaxation tape or to nothing (p. 2).Although conditions differed significantly between music, silence, and relaxation, Shaw and his colleagues were careful to qualify the study results. Although spatial reasoning test scores rose as a result of listening to Mozarts piano sonata in D major (K488), the effects were temporary. Jenkins (2001) noted that the enhancing effect of the music condition is temporary, and does not extend beyond the 10-15 min ute period during which subjects were engaged in each spatial task (Rauscher et al., 1993, p. 2).The authors posed several questions for yet research Could varying the amount of listening time optimize the Mozart effect? Could listening to Mozart also enhance other intelligence measures such as short shop, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning? Would other kinds of music have an effect on IQ performance (p. 2)?Though the answers to these questions were unclear, the authors concluded that music lacking in complexity failed to enhance performance. They also concluded that the complexity of Mozarts music was responsible for its enhancing effect. Rauscher et al. replicated and extended these findings in 1995. They used the same tasks used in their first experiment but extended the types of listening examples used. College students were divided into 3 groups those exposed to silence, the same Mozart music used in the 1993 study, and a piece by Philip Glass. As before, the Mozar t group showed a significant increase in spatial IQ scores.Tomatis, a French physician, psychologist, and educator, researched the connection between early childhood development in the sixties and the music of Mozart (Jenkins, 2001). College students listened to a Mozart sonata, then performed complicated visual tasks involving cutting and folding paper. However, there was no difference in the way these tasks were performed by either the students who listened to the sonata or the control groups who just relaxed before taking the test or listened to other kinds of music.Schellenberg (2006) pointed out that the studies on music instruction insubstantial overall because researchers only tested to take over and extend their findings. For example, no one knew exactly which kind of musical training produced results and which kinds did not, who benefited most from it, and how long any intellectual gains resulting from music training lasted.In another study, Chabris (1999) reviewed previo us studies and compared the effects of the Mozart recordings. Results revealed a statistically insignificant increase in the ability of individuals to complete tasks requiring spatial visualization skills and abstract reasoning. Chabris noted that if listening to Mozart improves cognitive performance at all, its by improving overall cognitive arousal and concentration. It shouldnt be viewed as an intellectual miracle drug (p. 1).Steele (2001) agreed with Chabris, by stating that there is a problem with the concept of classical music as Gatorade for the brain (p. 1). A number of other researchers (Crncec et al, 2006) supported the belief that classical music does not increase basic intelligence.Rauscher, et l (1995) noted that because many researchers only measured the effect on general intelligence instead of on spatial-temporal abilities, they failed when they tried to repeat the original experiment.In 1995, Rauscher et al. replicated this study and again found that spatial-tempor al reasoning improved after listening to the Mozart Sonata. Though periodic exposure to Mozarts music produced daily increases in scores, this effect did not apply to all styles of music or to all areas of intelligence. For example, Phillip Glass minimalist music did not enhance spatial-temporal reasoning. Further, the students scores did not improve when they performed a short-run memory task after listening to Mozart.Rauscher et al. (1999) concluded that although the Mozart effect is intriguing and holds great promise for further explorations into the transfer of musical processing to other domains of reasoning, merely listening to music probably does not lead to lasting enhancement of spatial-temporal intelligence. Listening to music is a passive witness for most people, and does not require the involvement that actively creating music does (p. 2). This observation led researchers to suspect that actively creating music has greater benefits for spatial temporal intelligence th an simply listening to it.Combining separate elements of an object into a whole or arranging them in a specific order are spatial-temporal operations. They require successive steps, which are dependent upon previous steps. Spatial-logical operations also require science of similarities or differences among objects and are generally one-step processes. For example, a child who is asked to crystallise objects according to their color or shape would be performing a spatial-logical operation. The Rauscher et al. (1999) model predicted that music training may increase spatial-temporal task scores, but not necessarily spatial-logical tasks.These studies did suggest casual relationships between music and spatial task performance. The authors concluded that music education was helpful for maximum cognitive development by demonstrating that music could improve the intellectual functioning of children.Personal ReflectionIn my own opinion, the study in Mozart effect is a new proof of musics education and its importance. Since it is believed to development a childs IQ, schools must offer music programs to help their students in a very substantial way. Music educators should work towards the inclusion of music education in the curriculum of public education. Also, the publics perception of music education must be altered so that policymakers in education are forced to provide for conditions where music education may thrive.Many educators and researchers posit that music should be a more central part of the school curriculum in light of studies that demonstrate a relationship between music and intellectual growth. Also, tentative research findings in support of music education have shown that people believe that there is an essential value to learning about music. Diamond (1998) argued that learning to play an instrument could increase a childs capacity for voluntary attention (p. 7), while Porter (1998) concluded that music can teach discipline, care, concentration, and perseverance (p. 7).Music Learning and Memory for MusicWhen memory for a sequence of visually presented letters is tested, the marked recency effect that characterizes studies of the PAS system is absent. Nonetheless, clear evidence of phonological coding is found in the form of a marked effect of phonological similarity ( Schlkind et al, 2003). auditory input. Further evidence for the interaction between self-generated phonological codes and auditory input is, of course, offered by the irrelevant speech effect.Performance is impaired by unwanted spoken material, with the crucial feature of the material being its phonological rather than its semantic characteristics, again suggesting that the interaction is occurring at a common phonological level ( Dowling, 1994). It should be pointed out at this stage, however, that the nature of the irrelevant sound is crucial. While speech in a foreign language is quite disruptive to performance, white noise is not, even when the intensity of th e noise is pulsed so as to resemble the intensity windbag of the speech signal that has been shown to disrupt memory ( Dowling et al, 1995).The fact that memory is more disrupted by vocal than by nonvocal music might seem to suggest that the system is essentially speech based. It is possible, however, that the greater disruption by speech reflects the nature of the primary task, namely remembering digits, a task that is likely to give way principally in terms of the spoken names of the digits.It is entirely conceivable that a different primary task would lead to a different head of disruption. One possibility then might be to look at studies investigating memory for environmental sounds. Unfortunately, the evidence in this area seems to be comparatively sparse. Deutsch (2004) showed that their patient was better at remembering environmental sounds than spoken digits, but, unfortunately, it is possible that the task was done by first identifying the sounds and then remembering the m semantically.Personal Reflection. Thinking of music memory as schematic is probably accurate for many of the interactions that both trained and untrained people have with music. However, recently I have become interested in the nature of representation when memory for music is essentially perfect. Whereas it appears that the majority of work in music cognition has examined short-term memory, I would like to examine longterm memory. By this I mean that I am interested in the way well-learned music is represented. People are able to remember a large repertory of music and retain it for many years.What kinds of codes make this retention possible? Clearly, proposing verbal codes in the traditional sense is romantic when trying to understand memory for melody (as opposed to the lyrics in vocal music). Even if we assume that a small minority of musicians can encode tunes in terms of musical structure, motor commands, or musical notation, the successful retention of music by untrained p eople suggests the existence of other types of durable codes. The explication of those codes has been the finishing of my current program of researchReferencesBlood, A., Zatorre, R. (2001). Intensely pleasurable responses to music correlate with activity in brain regions implicated in reward and emotion. Proceedings of the field Academy of Sciences,98, 11818-11823.Brust, J. (2003). Music and the neurologist A historical perspective. In I.Peretz, R. Zatorre (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 181-191). New York Oxford University Press.Chabris, C (1999). Prelude or requiem for the Mozart effect? Nature, 400, 6747, 826-7.Crncec, R., Wilson, S., Prior, M. (2006). No evidence for the Mozart effect in children. Music Perception, 23(4), 305- 317.Deutsch, D. (2004). The octave illusion revisited again. daybook of Experimental Psychology Human Perception and Performance, 30 (2), 355-364. This article can be downloaded from Psych Info and from the authors web page.Dowling, W . J. (1994). Melodic contour in hearing and remembering melodies. In R. Aiello (Ed.) Musical perceptions, (pp. 173-190 ). New York Oxford University Press.Dowling, W. J. , Kwak, S., Andrews, M. ( 1995). The time course of recognition of novel melodies. Perception Psychophysics, 57(2), 136-49.Fujioka, T., Ross, B., Kakigi, R., Pantev, C., Trainor, L. (2006). One year of musical training affects development of auditory cortical-evoked fields in young children. Brain, 129, 2593-2608. This article can be downloaded.Jenkins, J.S. (2001). The Mozart effect. ledger of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94,170-172.Patel, A. (2003). Language, music, syntax and the brain. Nature Neuroscience, 6(7), 674-681. This article can be downloaded. discuss it from the neuroscientific perspective.Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (2005). Brain organization for music processing. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 89-114. This article can be downloaded. This is an excellent review.Rauschecker, J. (2003). Functional organization and plasticity of auditory cortex. In Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. (357-365). New York Oxford University Press.Rauscher, F. (1999). Reply to Prelude or requiem for the Mozart effect? Nature, 400, 6747, 827-8.Schellenberg, E. G.(2005). Music and cognitive abilities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14 (6), 317-320. This article can be downloaded.Schellenberg, E.G. (2006). Long-term positive association between music lessons and IQ. Journal of Education Psychology, 98 (2), 457-468. This article can be downloaded.Schlaug, G. ( 2003). The brain of musicians. In Peretz, I., Zatorre, R. (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. (366-381). New York Oxford University Press.Schulkind, A., Posner, R., Rubin, D. (2003). Musical features that facilitate melody identification How do you know its your song when they finally play it? Music Perception, 21, (2), 217-249.Steele, K., Dalla Bella, S., Peretz, I., Dunlop, T., D awe, L., Humphrey, K., Shannon, R., Kirby, J. Jr., Olmstead, C. (1999). Prelude or requiem for the Mozart effect? Nature, 400, 6747,826-7.Trainor, L., Schmidt, L. (2003). Processing emotions induced by music. In I. Peretz, R. Zatorre (Eds.) The cognitive neuroscience of music (pp. 310-324). New York Oxford University Press.Zatorre, R. (2003). Absolute pitch A model for understanding the influence of genes and development on neural and cognitive function. Nature Neuroscience, 6 (7), pp. 692-695.